Who is Mileva Maric Essay - 813 Words

Mileva Maric Who is Mileva Maric? What was her contribution to science? How did she make a difference in todays society? Meliva Maric was the first wife of Albert Einstein and was a skilled mathematician and physicist. Mileva was born in 1875 in Titel, Serbia. She was raised in a middle class family who was very well off. She excelled in school! She got permission to attend an all boys secondary school in Zagreb.She got awesome grades and eventually became a student at Zurich polytechnic in Switzerland (later the Swiss Federal Institute or Technology or the ETH). This is the meeting place of Albert and Mileva, were they both took courses in quantum physics they grew very fond of each other and spent every waking moment with each†¦show more content†¦While Albert went off to work on his scientific studies Mileva and his relationship was put on hold for the time being Albert gave Mileva a contract which she refused to sign. That said she can only speak when spoken to and can not enter a r oom without permission! Their relationship took a turn for the worse and Albert took finally took initiative and gave Mileva divorce papers in 1916. She only signed them with the promise of his winnings from his noble prize money. She died in a mental institution in Nordheim Friedhof from a severe stroke in 1948. The grave location of Mileva Maric was discovered in Nordheim Friedhof cemetery, Zurich Switzerland after 31 years from her death. Her gravestone was removed from her grave by the Nordheim Friedhof Cemetery for non-payment of cemetery fees.He later married his cousin Elsa who he worked with for quite sometime on scientific work and studies. I think Milevas contribution in science was made through Alberts theory on relativity. Even though her name was not put on the final copy of the papers. The documentary film Einsteins Wife, showed that the original manuscript from 1905 of the Theory of Relativity was signed with Einstein-Marty (Marity for Maric). Soviet scientist Abraha m Joffe (shown on the stamp above) claimed to have seen the original manuscript with two signatures (Einstein and Maric). Abraham Joffe is an alumni of the famous Polytechnic Institue, inShow MoreRelated Mileva Marić Einstein and her contribution to Albert Einsteins work1293 Words   |  6 PagesWas Mileva Maric, the first wife of Albert Einstein, the well kept secret of Einsteins success? The relationship with Mileva Maric corresponds with Einsteins most productive period of life. In a single year, 1905, Einstein published four most important papers of his career, and won the 1921 Nobel Prize for that work. He spent the last 30 years of his life working on a unified field theory, but never succeeded. He was never again as successful as when he was with Mileva. Albert Einstein wasRead MoreBiography of Mileva Maric Essay834 Words   |  4 PagesMileva Maric was born in 1875 in Titel, Serbia and died in Zurich, Switzerland in 1948 at the age of 72 years. She grew up as a bright, young lady who was very intelligent and had a curious mind, particularly in the area of mathematics and sciences. Mileva entered an all-male prep school when she was 15 years old. While the only female in the school, she quickly showed her intelligence by achieving the best grades in math and physics. After graduation, she was accepted at the Zurich PolytechnicRead MoreAlbert Einstein As A Role Model To The World1169 Words   |  5 Pagescontributions will live on and be known for generations to come (nobelprize.org). Albert Einstein was born in a southern German city named Ulm on March 14th, 1879. He was born and raised in a middle class Jewish home. His father was an engineer and a salesman who founded a company that fabricated electrical equipment. His mother stayed home and raised him and his younger sister Maja. As an adolescent Einstein was enthralled by music, he played the violin. He also had a fascination for mathematics and scienceRead More Albert Einstein Essay1645 Words   |  7 Pagesas a secondary teacher of mathematics and physics. During this time he meets Mileva Maric and falls in love. He tried unsucessfully to obtain an Institute job, but failed. He eventually obtained a job at the Swiss Patent Office. The position at the Patent Office gave Albert the time to devote his thought to physics and he began publishing scientific papers. In early 1902, Lieserl, daughter of Einstein and Mileva Maric, a former fellow student, was born in Hungary. Not much is known about the lifeRead MoreAlbert Einstein : The Greatest Minds Of Our Time1620 Words   |  7 PagesZurich Polytechnic between Einstein and Mileva Maric, the only woman in his physics class (Formative). Einstein’s family opposed any talk of marriage, even when Mileva gave birth to a daughter, who was probably given up for adoption (Formative). He gained his diploma and acquired Swiss citizenship in 1901, but was unable to find a post teaching, so he accepted a position as a technical assistant in the Swiss Patent Office (Nobel). Einstein and Mileva Maric finally married in 1903, and in 1904, aRead MoreAlbert Einstein was born on March 14, 1879. He was born in the city of Ulm, Wurtemberg, Germany. He800 Words   |  4 Pagesand he enrolled in the Zurich school. Einstein recalled the years he was in Zurich was some of the most joyful years of his life. Albert met a lot of students who would be his loyal friends like Marcel Grossman, The mathematician, and Michele Besso he likes lengthy talks with about space and time. Albert also met his future wife Mileva Maric she was a fellow physics student from Serbia. After Einstein passed from the polytechnic Institute Albert had to face a couple of years. As of this he liked toRead MoreThe Contributions Of Albert Einstein1197 Words   |  5 PagesWurttemberg, Germany on March 14, 1879. Einstein was raised in a middle-class Jewish household where his father, Hermann Einstein was a retailer and an electrician, while his mother, Pauline Koch, was a homemaker. Einstein also had a younger sister, Maja, who was two years younger than him (Albert Einstein-Bio.com). When Einstein was old enough to be enrolled in school, his father, Hermann Einstein, moved the family to Munich, Germany where Albert Einstein attended elementary school. As a child, EinsteinRead MoreThe Life of Albert Einstein837 Words   |  4 Pagesas a merchant in the featherbed industry, but his business collapsed, so he moved his family to Munich, Germany to start an electrical-engineering business with his brother Jakob, Einstein’s uncle. Einstein had a sister named Maja (pronounced Maya) who was born two years after him. (â€Å"Albert Einstein†) He also had a cousin named Elsa Là ¶wenthal, whom he married later. Einstein mother, Pauline, was a talented musician and introduced her son to the piano when he was a small boy, she encouraged hisRead MoreThe Theory Of Albert Einstein1232 Words   |  5 Pages1879, in Ulm, Wurttemberg, Germany, to Herman Einstein, an electrochemical factory manager, and Pauline Koch, a housewife. They were both Ashkenazi Jews, however they did not practice their religion (Whitaker). Einstein had one other sister, Maria, who was 2 years younger than him. In 1880, the Einstein family relocated to Munich, where Einstein’s father founded an electrochemical company (Whitaker). Education and Career Einstein’s had a disrupted education, which was a result of his father’s failingRead MoreAlbert Einstein : The Greatest Physicist Of The 20th Century859 Words   |  4 Pagesfamily. His father, Hermann Einstein, and uncle founded the electrical equipment manufacturing company known as Elektrotechnische Fabrik J. Einstein Cie. Einstein had only one sibling, a younger sister named Maja, who was born two years after him (Bio.com). In school, Einstein, who began to learn mathematics at the age of 12 (atomicarchive.com), was underwhelming, and generally didn’t get along well with his teachers. It is thought that the unusual and rare structure of his brain might have contributed

Distance Learning Essay - 1627 Words

Distance Learning Distance education can trace its roots to 1840 when Sir Isaac Pitman, the English inventor of shorthand, came up with an idea for delivering instruction to a potentially limitless audience: correspondence courses by mail. By the 1900s, the first department of correspondence teaching was established at the University of Chicago. The founding of the United Kingdom’s Open University in 1969 marked a significant development of the newest phase of distance learning involving a mixed-media approach to teaching (Matthews 1999). Distance education takes place when a teacher and student are separated by physical distance and technology (in the form of print, voice, video and/or data) is used to bridge the†¦show more content†¦Despite the large volume of written material concentrating on distance learning, the amount of original research is quite limited. A closer look at the research that exists suggests that one should be cautious in accepting these findings at face value. The most significant problem is that the overall quality of the original research is questionable and renders many of the findings inconclusive (Merisotis Phipps 1999). There are four shortcomings of the original research: Much of the research does not control for extraneous variables and therefore cannot show cause and effect. Most of the studies do not use randomly selected subjects. The validity and reliability of the instruments used to measure student outcomes and attitudes are questionable. Many studies do not adequately control for the feelings and attitudes of the students and faculty – what educational research refers to as reactive effects. (Ibid.) A report from the Institute for Higher Education Policy also argues that the many articles and papers published on distance education aren’t as useful as they could be. The Institute claims that distance education research often fails to use randomly selected subjects; it focuses too heavily on individual courses rather than the effectiveness of entire academic programs delivered via technology; and it pays too little attention to whether the limitations of virtual libraries constrict the academic direction ofShow MoreRelatedEssay on Distance Learning1410 Words   |  6 PagesDistance Learning In recent years, there has been a trend in the way that many major institutions of higher learning have been teaching their students. This change of pace in the education world is what is known as distance learning. Distance learning is the form of schooling that can be done over the Internet, and never actually being forced to be present in a classroom or even on the campus. According to Joel Snell, correspondence courses were the predecessors to what we now knowRead More Distance Learning Essay1142 Words   |  5 PagesDistance Learning Distance learning (education) has become an integral part of the education process over the past few decades and is growing in popularity as technology advances.(Willis 1992) describes distance education (as) the organizational framework andprocess of providing instruction at a distance. Distance education takes place when ateacher and student(s) are physically separated, and technology†¦(is) used to bridge theinstruction gap. (Coutts 1996). Furthermore, distance learningRead More Distance Learning Essay1188 Words   |  5 PagesDistance Learning Currently, computers already play a prominent role in many aspects of our lives from personal works to education fields. The Internet can also be invaluable in linking people culturally and socially (Hacker Capehart, 1999). Geographically and historically, most universities in the world offer distance learning to students through the Internet, and the distance learning is becoming a new trend of the 21st academy. In particular, computers will permit a degree of individualization-personalizedRead MoreDisadvantages Of Distance Learning10300 Words   |  42 PagesDistance learning is not a new phenomenon, nor ineradicably associated with the internet and online scholarship. Institutions of learning have appreciated the potential educational benefit of being able to teach students, regardless of geographical location, for more than two hundred years. Distance learning was accessible as early as the 18th century in the form of mailed correspondence courses. Instructors conveyed assig nments via packets mailed to students, who then completed the work and mailedRead More Distance Learning Essay2004 Words   |  9 PagesDistance Learning As we enter the Information Age, more and more adults from various economic and cultural backgrounds, already in the workplace, and with families are seeking to educate themselves to keep up in their careers (Duderstadt, J., 1999). Whether that is through Higher Education, the university system, or their companys Intranet is usually dependent upon the learner. The ways that they seek to educate and re-educate themselves to stay abreast with current trends in their jobsRead MoreTraditional And Distance Learning Programs2283 Words   |  10 Pagesaccustom to the convenience of socializing, working, and learning online. Both traditional and distance learning programs provide eminence education. However, there is much controversy surrounding the quality of education received through distance verses traditional learning. By evaluating the differences and similarities between distance and traditional methods of education, we can determine how the quality of education received through distance learning is more efficient in today’s fast-paced society.Read MoreEssay about Distance Learning996 Words   |  4 PagesDistance Learning Many institutions of higher education are experimenting with changes having to do with class offerings. According to Keegan, â€Å"It is not easy to define distance education.† An early descriptive definition states that distance education learners are usually taught as individuals and not in groups (Rossman 8). Distance education can be thought of as instructional delivery that does not constrain the student to be physically present in the same location as the instructor. DistanceRead MoreKnowledge: Education and Distance Learning2691 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿ 4 Advantages of Distance Learning by Don Georgevich on 3:21 pm Distance learning is a way of continuing your education online, and more people are signing up for courses every day. There are many advantages of distance learning and also benefits of distance learning when compared to the traditional continued education options. This method of learning appeals to students as young as the middle school level, all the way to students who are working to get their Master’s degree. It is especiallyRead More Distance Learning Essay1089 Words   |  5 Pagesalone, there was a 13% increase in registration for distance learning classes throughout the public university system. (Beverly Creamer, 2003) It is now possible for people to learn conveniently from home or office. People that want to go to school can do so now because scheduling and geographic location does not matter with online classes because the class course is brought to the student rather than the student to the course. Is distance learning as effective as classroom based courses? This studyRead MoreDistance Learning Or Traditional Classroom?1609 Words   |  7 PagesKalirajan Lisa Byrne ENG: 1510 Date: 10/15/2017 Distance learning or traditional classroom? Every one dreams to get a Harvard education but only a selected few will reach the traditional class room style enrollment. But the dream remains a dream for many and the only way to get the Harvard or MIT education to everyone is distance education. If not Harvard even mass education of the society is not easy and the distance education is the only way to do that. Distance education is getting more popular in current

Does A Modern Instance champion or disdain divorce Free Essays

A Modern Instance is a complex novel with an engrossing plot-line and a subtext of ideas that make it relevant, not only as a source for the moral questions of the Nineteenth century, but also for dilemmas faced today. One of the major questions that it raises is how far a person should remain true to marriage vows when the other partner has flagrantly broken them. To put it simply, should the heroine of the novel, Marcia, divorce her unfaithful husband, Bartley, who has abandoned her in Boston in order to seek adventures and freedom in the West? The novel asks whether an absolute or relative morality is most virtuous and/or most practical in a world in which people like Bartley are all too common. We will write a custom essay sample on Does A Modern Instance champion or disdain divorce? or any similar topic only for you Order Now The dichotomy between â€Å"championing† and â€Å"disdaining† is not as simple as the title of this essay suggests. It seems clear that Howell’s sees the strength in traditional virtues while realizing that at times they need to be discarded. Thus in some ways he disdains divorce as a general precept while championing the need for it within extremely negative marriages. If one party to a marriage abandons it in favor of freedom, then does the marriage really exist? In the initial stages of the marriage it seem as though A Modern Instance champions the ideals of domestic harmony within marriage almost at any cost. So while Bartley acts in a feckless and lazy manner, refusing to pursue a career in law even though his education was paid for him, it seems as though Marcia will always forgive him. In this sense Howells paints a rather traditional portrait of â€Å"love is blind† and suggests that a marriage can work even under the most difficult of circumstances in which one party to it really is not worth much. The portrait of their marriage for much of the book implicitly disdains divorce as Marcia forgives Bartley everything. Forgiveness, even if it stems from either stupidity or blind love, is apparently better than any consideration of divorce. The idea that marriage is kind of Elyria that cannot never be bettered is exemplified by the important sub-plot involving Ben Halleck. Halleck went to college with Bartley and knows that he is not to be trusted. Halleck discovers, to his complete horror, that he loves Marcia, and ends up lending money to Bartley that he knows will never be returned as a kind of penance. If ‘love’, in its truest form, rather than the convention of marriage were more important within the world that   Howells is portraying, then Marcia and Halleck might at least think of starting an affair. But this does not happen. Instead, Halleck imposes exile on himself, constantly tortures himself with the shame of loving another man’s wife and eventually becomes a church minister. The idea of divorce is a last resort, an absolute last resort to many of the characters in the book. The fact that Marcia and Bartley are married gives their relationship an infinitely higher worth to conventional characters such as Halleck than any he could have with the beautiful woman. Yet the society in which they all live is rapidly moving more towards Bartley’s rather casual view of such matters rather than Halleck’s seriousness. The first time the word â€Å"divorce† is mentioned in the book occurs in the following manner: â€Å"It’s just so with the newspapers, too,† said Bartley. â€Å"Some newspapers used to stand out against publishing murders, and personal gossip and divorce trials, There ain’t a newspaper that pretends to keep anyways up with the times, now, that don’t do it! The public want spice, and they will have it!† (Howells, 2006) While Bartley is the putative â€Å"evil character† in the novel, he is, at least to the modern reader, one of more engaging and charming characters in a book that often seems to rely upon stereotypes. Perhaps Bartley is the most attractive because he is the most modern. Yet Howell’s himself is clearly condemning this casual attitude towards divorce as just another feature in a kaleidoscope of salacious entertainment for the public. Bartley makes what might be seen as a reasonable argument regarding his application for divorce to Halleck, saying â€Å"that was the only way out, for either of us . . . we had tried it for three years, and we couldn’t make it go; we never could have made it go; we were incompatible.† (Howells, 2006). Such a statement could have come straight from a simple, non-contested divorce case in 2007 in which two people find that they are not compatible even though they thought that they were. But again, because it sounds reasonable to modern ears, this does not mean to say that Howell’s is condoning the point of view. Indeed, the fact that he puts such opinions into the mouth of the character who cheats, lies and abandons people throughout the book:- albeit in an affable, likeable way – suggests that Howells is condemning this view of divorce as a merely practical virtue when a marriage has obviously failed. Yet Howells is not blind to the realities of the world. In one of the more memorable conversations of the book, the nature of love, marriage and the lack of love are discussed by two characters: Halleck turned. â€Å"What could be a worse hell than marriage without love?† he demanded , fiercely. â€Å"Love without marriage,† said Atherton. (Howells, 2006) While this may become somewhat reminiscent of the old Frank Sinatra song â€Å"Love and Marriage†, the paradox explicated by Atherton and Halleck is at the heart of the novel. A loveless marriage is indeed hell, as Halleck suggests. But within the moral code of the time so is love without marriage. This is a hell because it cannot be fully realized within a lasting relationship or consummated if the couple are to maintain a semblance of morality. The actual divorce case with which the novel ends is rendered in a manner that makes the proceedings tragi-comic in nature. Thus when Bartley appears to have won the day through Marcia not coming to the Court it seem as if his thoroughly amoral perspective on matters has finally vanquished the morality of the past. But eh subsequent arrival of Marcia and her father, together with the cross-complaint for divorce, renders the whole rather farcical in nature. At this lat moment divorce seems to be neither championed or disdained, rather it is a rather neat plot trick to bring matters to a sensible and neat conclusion. Howells mixtures melodrama, as Marcia â€Å"started half-way from her chair, and then fell back again . . . she looked round at Halleck as if for help, and hid her face in her hands† (Howells, 2006) with the â€Å"bad† man Bartley going into exile because of fallout from his failed lawsuit. The final statement of the book is rather ambiguous. Apparently the fact that Halleck had loved Marcia while her husband was alive makes him ineligible, in a moral sense, to ask her to marry him now that she is a widower. The novels ends ambiguously, as if pointing the way to the relativistic morality of the Twentieth Century that Howells seems to sense is coming, and which he fiercely resists: Of course it isn’t a question of gross black and white, mere right and wrong; there are degrees, there are shades. There might be redemption for another type of man in such a marriage; but for Halleck there could only be loss, — deterioration – lapse from the Ideal. . . . (Howells, 2006) To conclude, it seems clear from this that the absolute morality of the Nineteenth Century, something which Halleck takes to almost absurd lengths, would not forgive him his love for another man’s wife even though it was a loveless marriage that has been ended through death. Howells believes that divorce may be a last resort needed in cases of great cruelty and/or abandonment, but he also sees it as repugnant. Marriage is sacred, even one as loveless and broken as that portrayed in this novel. Works Cited Howells, William. A Modern Instance. Hard Press, New York: 2006. How to cite Does A Modern Instance champion or disdain divorce?, Essay examples

Auditing Theory and Risk Assessment †Free Samples for Students

Question: Discuss About the Auditing Theory and Risk Assessment? Answer: Introducation Auditing has remained an indispensable practice in the corporate sector and other areas dealing with huge assessment of economics. The corporations capability to assess its development relies exclusively on auditing undertake within the company (Knechel et al. 2012). A great proportion of the operation within economic sector extremely depend on the auditing nature, consequently, numerous theories have since been advanced to help in the elimination of countless risks alongside crisis in auditing (Lpez and Peters 2012). Such approaches have been considered by global framework of financial reporting organization like GAAP alongside IFRS for guiding practices of auditing. Various policies have further been advanced to back auditors in making corrections on the risks that might face them throughout auditing (Humphrey and Miller 2012). The feature of auditing alongside commitment of team of auditing guarantees the achievement of an establishment in the industry as well as global market. In the latest past, models such as going concern have been established. Implementing alongside practicing these specified matters stay within the auditors hands alongside the company management board (Herda and Lavelle 2014). The scope of this discussion stretches from the investigation of the application of such present issues in a Company called One.Tel in Australia. This company has run its operations in telecommunication industry beginning 1995, May following its launch in Sydney. This discussion additionally deliberates inherent risk in the One.Tel firm financial reports along with ongoing concern issue (Iwu and Xesha 2011). Inherent Risk Factors Inherent risk is among the audit risks under risks assessment management. Audit risk includes three classes of risks: inherent-, control- and detection risk. Audit risk is regarded as the aftermath of the 3 risks exposed overhead. It might be met throughout auditing performance that in this context is One.Tel Telecommunication Company. Inherent risk is, consequently, a constituent of audit that is occasioned by substantial misstatement inside financial statement. Inaccuracy happens in a businesss audit statement because of embezzle application of essential measures of control (Chung et al. 2012). Inherent risks ascend typically as a result the omissions errors when balancing the books of the business. In One.Tel Companys case, inherent risks might have ascended because of failures alongside control measures poor application. The incidence of letdowns because of inherent risks might be due to oversight alongside deceitful practices. An upsurge in inherent risks happens as a result of certain factors inside the internal environment of the corporate. Factors which affect inherent risk at the financial report levelAuthenticity of management The rise in inherent risks in this Company could be due to the board of the Directorate incompetency. The management of the organization is comprised of nine memberships having dissimilar powers alongside privileges. The board is encompassed of 5 none-executive memberships making up the mainstream of the board memberships. Additional 4 executive memberships having a jam-packed mandate to all in the company (Coetsee 2010). The degree at which inherent risk is swelling in this company is extraordinary based on to the availed statement. The memberships are indebted to various duties including authorization of business and monetary strategies, recognizing and addressing issues of important facing One.Tel as a business, appraising as well as monitoring processes of management and reporting contrivances, overseeing financial performance alongside nomination of the executive management team. The business has full-grown to an edge whereby the management can never meet entire responsibilities. The directors are increasingly probable to hide their unfortunate statuses, consequently, dwindling to yield expressive statements throughout auditing resulting in a rise in the inherent risk as result of meager management (Iwu and Xesha 2011). Administration understanding, awareness and fluctuations during the period The ineffectiveness in company management besides lack of knowledge escalates unsuitable financial report preparation leading to the rise in the inherent risk. When the auditor notices regular staff turnover in essential management positions, the inherent risk increases since truthful characters are probable to resign their management positions instead of propagating certain fraud. This frequently happens where the corporation expands swiftly as replicated in the circumstance of One.Tel Company (Herda and Lavelle 2012). Uncommon compression on organization management There could be stimuluses for management to misrepresent the financial report snowballing the inherent risk. The incentives in can be moreover from the internal environment or the external environment (Kerler and Brandon 2010). The inducements could be cash-flow challenges, poor rationing of liquidity, unfortunate operation outcomes because of management restraint alongside work overstress along with assembly of management recompense pay structures linked to share capital as well as earnings. This could result in upsurge in inherent risk because management could be persuaded to misrepresent operation along with financial statements to obtain particular bonus. Nature of the kind of business One.Tel is operating Many issues have already been recognized in the corporate or industry whereby One.Tel Company trades. The business has a multifaceted investment association, which is the aid to rise inherent risk. The availability of associated-party dealings like the business stockholders would likewise raise inherent risk as the operations are never with the autonomous regulating party (Al Nawaiseh and Jaber 2015). The business has capital share dealings which necessitate increased financial knowledge to audit because such operations remain complex. Telecommunication businesses have perhaps compensations till they inaugurate a standing, alongside a dependable source of income shall be inherent risky. Telecommunication industry is faced with a challenge that needs the businesses in the industry to apply mechanism for controls to be steady and stay pertinent in this industry. New-fangled economies culminate high inherent risk compared steady economies. Factors affecting the industry in which the entity operates Differences in commercial as well as competitive surroundings would be expected to have a noteworthy impact on inherent risk of the company such as One.Tel in the telecommunication sector. Aspects like disparity in income and development in certain service providers of telecommunication could lead to an increase in inherent risk throughout financial statement arrangements. Through risk assessing phase the business audit team goes via the risks recognized comparable to the inherent risk discussed overhead. The auditor assesses the factors of the risks by fair evaluation (Martin 2013). Risks evaluation fallouts into two kinds of risks that in this circumstance is the inherent risk. The risk identified is a constituent of financial statements material misstatement inspired by numerous factors. Factors linked to fraud could be recognized throughout development process of strategy while such factors that upsurge inherent risk owing to fraud recognizable through the AU s.316. Inherent Risk Factors Contributing Increased Assessing of Inherent Risk at the Level of Account Balance Accounts likely to require adjustment In the circumstance in which account books necessitate vicissitudes, the inherent risk can remain high due to numerous errors brought onward. The oversight could happen resulting in a rise in the inherent risk where the accounts books are being attuned (Francis 2011). Complexity of underlying transactions In case the transaction throughout a financial year is complex, it is probable that there shall be an upsurge in inherent risk. In contemplation of One.Tel Company, the accounts books designates multifaceted kinds of dealings like stockholder's inequality, dividend and reserves could be challenging to comprehend culminating in extraordinary inherent risk at the level of accounting (Herda and Lavelle 2012). Conclusion involved in determining account balances The type of judgment fronted by the auditor throughout the course of auditors balancing is probable to effect inherent risk. If the account report on a particular deal could be persuaded by certain factors inside the business (Reichelt and Wang 2010). Such judgments could be dictated by the kind of operation alongside the pressure on management. Susceptibility of assets to loss or misappropriation The companys assets susceptibility to embezzlements or loss leads to augmented inherent risk level of accounting. Throughout the entries of transaction, it is obvious that modest embezzlement of an asset lead to augmented inherent risk. For example, taking asset misplacement to liability could result in surged inherent risk (Herd and Lavelle 2014). The occurrence of unusual and complex transactions, particularly at or near year-end The noteworthy transactions occurrence throughout the financial year has a conceivable upsurge in the inherent risk (Skinner and Srinivasan 2012). Where an unacquainted transaction takes place specifically towards the end of financial year, there are tall probabilities of blunders accounts books. Such dissimilar processes could be a trial to the auditor alongside accountants. It could lead to huge inherent risk (Coetsee 2010). Where a particular transaction is thought-provoking, the auditors might end up wrongly placing items accounts books, therefore, upsurge inherent risk. Transactions not subject to usual processing The rate of an increase in the inherent risk is high at the accounting level when we make transactions which require unfamiliar processing. In the event of such case the auditor of a business entity like One.Tel Telecommunication Company may make mistakes leading to an increase in inherent risk (Knechel et al. 2012). Assessing going concern as medium, high or low and identifying Rationale Factors The reporting framework of GAAP obligates the management to effect a hurried decision on the basis of going concern issue (Knechel et al. 2012). This concept builds on the assessment by the auditor whether low, high or medium in association to inherent risk alongside control risk (Francis 2011). The risk detection throughout the evaluation is pegged at the lowermost level to fix the audit risk at a rate endorsed. Slightest discovery of risk could be attained via enhancement of scope test (Knechel et al. 2012). It is obvious from the above discussion that a going concern might be either high, low or medium depending on the above three kinds of risks (Knechel et al. 2012). The going concern issue in relative to One.Tels case could be attributable to high. Inherent in financial statement of One.Tel is considered high because it operates under extremely controlled industry. The One.Tels going concern in this situation, is regarded high (Chang, Dasgupta and Hilar 2009). Supplementary factors like detective alongside control risk appear high based on the of the business entitys nature. It remains apparent that the going concern rate be contingent increasingly on the type of risks presented in financial statement. In case of stumpy audit risk, the going concern nature remains stumpy while when the kinds of the risk is high or medium, it is either high or low. Irrespective of the correctness of such an assumption, it remain quite challenging to regulate the subsequent scenarios which could culminate in the unceasing going concern application (Knechel et al. 2012). The going concern nature in in One.Tel business depended on the stipulated financial framework application. The going concern nature must be correctly assessed (medium, high or low) as replicated in audit risk viewpoint. Additional variables including period of audit, auditors opinion, environment of business, alongside team of management further dictate the consideration of going concern (Al Nawaiseh and Jaber 2015). Conclusion To sum up, it remains self-evident that maximum control risk issues might have been identified by the auditors. Nevertheless, the auditors did not report precisely as a result of external alongside internal pressures. A greater proportion of Australian auditors perceive furthermost risk aspects control of One.Tel as a thought-provoking task because of absence of independence of auditors (Al Nawaiseh and Jaber 2015). Factors of inherent risk could be monitored for timely management where control factors are availed. Assessment assumption of audit speaks to inherent, control as well as detective risk matters. One.Tels case discloses that auditors remain probable to address inherent risk throughout risk assessment because of restricted directors numbers (Chang, Dasgupta and Hilary 2009). References Al Nawaiseh, M.A.L. and Jaber, J., 2015. Auditing subsequent events from the perspective of auditors: study from Jordan. International Journal of Financial Research, 6(3), p.p78. Chang, X., Dasgupta, S. and Hilary, G., 2009. The effect of auditor quality on financing decisions. The Accounting Review, 84(4), pp.1085-1117. Chung, J.O., Cullinan, C.P., Frank, M., Long, J.H., Mueller-Phillips, J. and O'Reilly, D.M., 2012. The auditor's approach to subsequent events: Insights from the academic literature. Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory, 32(sp1), pp.167-207. Coetsee, D., 2010. A critical review of the effect of accounting for financial instruments on the accounting framework. Southern African Business Review, 10(1), pp.115-129. Coetsee, D., 2010. The role of accounting theory in the development of accounting principles. Meditari Accountancy Research, 18(1), pp.1-16. Francis, J.R., 2011. A framework for understanding and researching audit quality. Auditing: A journal of practice theory, 30(2), pp.125-152. Herda, D.N. and Lavelle, J.J., 2012. Auditor commitment to privately held clients and its effect on value-added audit service. Auditing: A journal of practice theory, 32(1), pp.113-137. Herda, D.N. and Lavelle, J.J., 2014. Auditing Subsequent Events: Perspectives from the Field. Current Issues in Auditing, 8(2), pp.A10-A24. Humphrey, C. and Miller, P., 2012. Rethinking impact and redefining responsibility: The parameters and coordinates of accounting and public management reforms. Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal, 25(2), pp.295-327. Iwu, C.G. and Xesha, D., 2011. Used Bookstore as a Vehicle for Improved Learning and Development: The Case of a South Africans Tertiary Institution. Janvrin, D.J. and Jeffrey, C.G., 2007. An investigation of auditor perceptions about subsequent events and factors that influence this audit task. Accounting Horizons, 21(3), pp.295-312. Kerler, W.A. and Brandon, D.M., 2010. The effects of trust, client importance, and goal commitment on auditors' acceptance of client-preferred methods. Advances in Accounting, 26(2), pp.246-258. Knechel, W.R., Krishnan, G.V., Pevzner, M., Shefchik, L.B. and Velury, U.K., 2012. Audit quality: Insights from the academic literature. Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory, 32(sp1), pp.385-421. Lpez, D.M. and Peters, G.F., 2012. The effect of workload compression on audit quality. Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory, 31(4), pp.139-165. Martin, R.D., 2013. Audit quality indicators: Audit practice meets audit research. Current issues in auditing, 7(2), pp.A17-A23. Reichelt, K.J. and Wang, D., 2010. National and office?specific measures of auditor industry expertise and effects on audit quality. Journal of Accounting Research, 48(3), pp.647-686. Skinner, D. J. and Srinivasan, S. 2012. Audit quality and auditor reputation: Evidence from Japan. The Accounting Review, 87(5), 1737-1765. Thompson, T.R., 1960. Problems of Auditing Computing Data: Internal Audit Practice and External Audit Theory Section 1: Internal Audit. The Computer Journal, 3(1), pp.10-11. Unegbu, A.O., 2014. Theories of Accounting: Evolution Developments, Income-Determination and Diversities in Use. arXiv preprint arXiv:1411.4633.

3S251 1-1 Flashcard

3S251 1-1

Marriage Equality Essay

Marriage Equality Essay Marriage Equality Essay Marriage Equality Inquiry Questions What is Marriage Equality? Where in Australia has a marriage equality bill ever been passed and what were the effects? What are the consequences and results of same-sex marriage in other countries around the world? Question 1: What is Marriage Equality? The Australian Constitution states that Marriage Equality is the recognition, performance and/or acceptance of a same-sex marriage. Question 2: Where in Australia has a marriage equality bill ever been passed and what were the effects? The Marriage Equality Act has only been legalised in the ACT in 2013 but was not effective for long as shortly after it was operated it was struck down by the High Court of Australia. Being presented in the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly on the 19 September 2013, it was then passed 33 days later. It came into operation on 7 November 2013, although it did not permit same-sex marriage ceremonies to occur until 7 December. Alan Wright and Joel Player were the first same-sex couple to be married on Australian soil in Canberra. The Act was effective for five days before the High Court of Australia had struck it down. The newly-wed couples were no longer recognized by the Australian Government as married. The Act had lost its effect leaving approximately 20 same-sex couples un-married. Question 3: What are the consequences or results of a same-sex relationship in other countries around the world? Around the world there are many countries that find homosexuality socially un-acceptable. Over the world in more than 70 countries, such as Russia, you can be imprisoned and fined up to $30,000 for â€Å"gay propaganda† such as counselling gay teens to kissing in public. Homosexuality can be punishable by death in various countries including Mauritania, Sudan, Nigeria and Somalia. American student, Matthew Shepard, was beaten to death by men for being gay. Studying at the University of Wyoming, on October the 7th, 1998, Matthew was abducted and driven east of Laramie, Wyoming. There he was tied to a fence and beaten by the butt of a pistol, causing severe head injuries. Shepard was then left tied up to die. Initially thought to be a scarecrow, a bicyclist rode by 18 hours later finding the 22 year old nearly dead. The hate crime attracted the media’s attention and Matt's story was soon spread around the world. It touched many souls including NBA player, Jason Collins. Openly gay, Collins wore the number "98" on his jersey during the 2012-2013 season with the Boston Celtics and the Washington Wizards, recognising Shepard's year of death. Though the two attackers had committed a hate crime, they were not charged for it because there was no such Criminal statute provided for such a charge in Wyoming at the time. Matthew's death spared requests to the legislation for such an act. Finally in October 2009, the Mattew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act, was passed by the United States Congress and signed by President Barack Obama turning the legislation into law. Gay Rights (Against) It’s not natural. Because only men and women can have babies which means that only men and women can get married otherwise they can’t properly support a family. Makes children gay. Because if you are raised by a gay family you will be gay because they will influence you to be gay and if you’re not, they will beat you up because you’re not growing up to be like them. Christianity. God says it’s wrong. He says that â€Å"if there is a man who lies with a male as those who lie with a woman, both of them have committed a detestable act; they shall surely be put to death. There bloodguiltness is upon them.† Bestiality, incestuous and polygamy. If you can marry another man or woman why can’t you marry an animal, it’s the same thing and if you can marry an animal what’s stopping people from marrying several people or even your

Operations Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Operations Analysis - Assignment Example MacDonald’s is known across the world as a leading chain of fast food restaurants according to Smith (2007). The company approximates that it has a daily serving of over 58 million. The organization sells chicken products, chips, soft drinks and desserts. Other products sold by MacDonald’s apart from hamburgers which are its key specialty include breakfast items, cheeseburgers and shakes. Since the supply chain of the organization is wide and the customer base huge and constantly expanding, there are a number of measures that the company has adopted to track its performance records. Customer Satisfaction One of the performance measures that the company uses is customer satisfaction. This is a measure that many organizations apply with an aim of ensuring that current customers remain loyal, while new ones are also attracted. At MacDonald’s, the customer relations manager is charged with the responsibility of gathering data related to customer satisfaction. Custome r satisfaction in this sense represents the satisfaction of the guests with the kind of service they are offered by the company specifically and in totality. The time taken for guests to get served, the quality of food and drinks offered ads well as the relationship that exists between customers and regular staff all play an important role in the determination of customer satisfaction and loyalty for the organization (Smith, 2007). Once customer satisfaction statistics have been gathered, the organization takes appropriate actions to ensure that the customers’ level of satisfaction is at least maintained, better improved. Based on these statistics, other related performance measures are considered for the overall growth of the organization. In certain cases, MacDonald’s management staff (especially the customer relations manager) may take rounds in the restaurant talking to clients and evaluating the kind of service they are offered by the organization’s staff ( Smith, 2007). This action among others is taken considering that MacDonald’s places a lot of value in customer satisfaction. In order to gather information relating to customer satisfaction, the organization normally goes the extra mile to send mail or fax to customers with a view of getting feedback on their experiences with the company. MacDonald’s management believes that customer satisfaction remains the single most important measure of its performance (Smith, 2007). It therefore seeks at all times to get customers more satisfied that they ever were during their previous visits. When they go round to see customers getting real time service, the managers send a clear message as to how serious customer satisfaction is taken by the company. Essentially, the performance monitoring is done through observation, personal presence and various means of communication. The company’s management, notes that customer satisfaction as they are served within the company†™s premises is an invaluable tool that aids in the making of decisions. As such, the management encourages its staff to remain responsive and to communicate courteously with customers. Customer satisfaction is a vital and most applicable performance measure for McDonald’s considering that the success of the company depends on the existence of a huge customer base. Indeed it has been stated by some quarters that

Dell in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dell in China - Essay Example With this rise in production, the country's revenue will expand together with individuals buying power. One of the social changes happening in China is the role of computing and computing equipments in the social system. The case mentioned that top-level managers are becoming more and more technologically adept as they are becoming internet savvy. The country is still immature in terms of technology. This is one of the most important considerations for Dell as it also wants to employ its direct-model strategy in China through the utilization of internet technology. The patronage of internet is hampered by the government's regulation which is speculated by the people to be against them. The major strength of Dell, Inc. is its utilization of a business model which enables it to reap various benefits which are not enjoyed by its competitors. The direct business cut a significant amount of cost in the company's supply chain by eliminating the less value adding activities in the value chain. Inventories were kept low and technological breakthroughs are delivered to the customer within a week opposed to previous two months. The direct business model also enabled the company to market directly to the customer, thereby offering more customized products. Another strength of Dell's is its cost leadership strategy.

Write a report that answers questions that explore economic analysis Term Paper

Write a report that answers questions that explore economic analysis and modern problems and the economic way of thinking - Term Paper Example It means the amount of maximum money one can charge for providing a product or service. The price, at which the demand of a product in the market equals its supply, is called an Equilibrium Price. Excess demand or excess supply makes Disequilibrium. By putting a Price Ceiling below the Equilibrium Price creates Disequilibrium which will make the demand in excess of supply as is shown in the graph below:- When the government put price ceiling on Cable TV below the current equilibrium price, the demand for Cable TV will increase. During this time if a new service is introduced, which will cost cheaper to the operator, will be readily accepted due to excess demand. This action will lead not only to increase in sales but also in revenues and profits. Perfectly competitive market is the situation where all the factors except demand and supply that affect market price are equal. In this situation, demand of goods and services reduces with the increase in price and demand increases with the reduction in price. This is called Law of Demand as is shown in the graph below. When the demand for the product falls, the prices in the market will start to come down. In the short run, profits of the company will fall and in the long run the number of firms will decrease due to reducing profits. When the demand for the product rises, the prices in the market will shoot up and go high. In the short run, profits of the company will increase and in the long run the number of firms will increase. New firms will be added to produce more products to meet the increased demand. Some long-run average cost curves are steeper on the downward side than others. This happens to the largest firms who tend to have cost advantage. It indicates that the industry is tending to become a monopoly, and hence is called a natural monopoly. Natural monopolies tend to exist in industries with high capital costs in relation to variable costs, such as

Modern football

Modern football Introduction to globalisation The aim of this paper is the processes what has led football to globalisation and discuss how these processes manifest in the modern football. That essey will introduce reader to globalisation in general, early diffusion and development based on Therborns 6 wave model, contemporary model of globalisation, as well as movement of players, commercialisation of global football, global football in sponsorship, advertising and the media. Althought you can find answers on the questions like: How media affect to the football? What was before and after entering TV companies such as BSkyB and ITV to the football? Football whose game is it now? Evaluetion a series of global processes and their effects on football globally as well as establishment of global governing organisations and global tournaments. All of that with facts and evidence, analysis and reserch you can find below in that essey. We live in an age of globalization. The term globalisation evokes many responses both positive and negative. What exactly is globalisation, who are the main players and what are its economic, social, cultural and environmental impacts? Globalisation has developed out for a long term of social processes. As pointed out by Guilianotti and Robertson (2004) the recent history of football in particular, can serve both as an illustration and as an indication of the extent of transnational interconnectedness. Football is something much bigger, rather than game or even a way of life. This distinct reflexion of inconsistent tendencies of the modern world with all its pleasures and grieves. Football represent not geographical zones but social classes and political ideas. Unlike baseball or tennis football bears cargo of century hatred and historical biases. It is sports with real rates. It is capable to break ruling modes and to generate liberation movements. Early diffusion and historical development Footballs international diffusion occurred during the late 19th century. The contemporary history of the worlds favourite game spans more than 100 years. It all began in 1863 in England, when rugby football and association football branched off on their different courses and the Football Association in England was formed becoming the sports first governing body. Football, following the path of modern industrialism, spread from England to Europe (Duke 1995), North America (Waldstein and Wagg 1995) and South America (Guttmann 1994), and eventually the African continent (Stuart 1995). Accounts of the diffusion of the game to different parts of the world underline the intrinsic interrelation between football and industrial globalisation. As more and more regions became integrated into the emerging capitalist global economy (Pohl 1989) the leisure practice of football standardized in its rules and nationalized in its demands on time and space continued the cultural equivalent to the cha nging processes of industrial production. Robinson observes, for example, that global elites, regardless of their nationality, increasingly tend to share similar lifestyles and interact through expanding networks of the transnational state. Globalization is in this way unifying the world into a single mode of production and a single global system and bringing about the integration of different countries and regions into a new global economy and society. But the new global capitalism is rife with contradictions, such as the growing rift between the global rich and the global poor, concludes Robinson. (W.I. Robinson 2004). Globalizations are not new phenomena. At least six historical waves, beginning with the spread of world religions, may be identified. An attempt is made to systematize the effects of globalizations on different world regions and social actors. Issues of governance are raised, focusing on states and norms. Accroding to the Therborns six wave model in the first wave we can see first mass migration of people, the same situation we can find in football industry. As Wagg stated, football seems to belong to everyone and, on the other, the game rather like the land in the enclosure movements of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries has been taken from the people and used for profit. In this later formulation, then, the nation of British footballs social and political history, from the Second World War to the turn of twenty-first century, is founded in ideas of social exclusion. (Wagg 2004). The contemporary model Nowadays football is the most popular and highly globalised sport on the planet, Mr Blatter also said the global football market, by Fifas calculations, was one of over one billion people. According to the Delloite report the European football market alone was worth 14.6 billion Euro in 2008. Englands Premier League clubs now pay their stars over a billion in wages, it has been revealed.The colossal bill equivalent to 1.2 million pounds per player emerged as figures were issued for the season before the current one concludes.Roman Abramovichs Chelsea paid out the most in wages 172 million pounds. Runners-up Manchester United had a salary bill of 121 million pounds. Third-placed Arsenal forked out 101 million pounds, followed by Liverpool, whose players earned 90 million pounds, according to football finance analysts Deloitte. These football clubs are now identified as a global brands, for example Manchester United fan base is 75 million people around the world. The contemporary mo del is also marked by a series of global migrations, at the moment in the English Premier League playing about 50% of foreighn players, but in 1992 there was just 11 registred players from overseas. Media and commercialisation of global football Along with the technology of the industrial revolution that produced the steamboats, railroads, and mass transit that moved people to leisure events, the rapidly evolving technology of mass media brought the drama and the exticement of sporting events to the people. The mass media, more than anything else were responsible for promoting organized sport from a relatively minor element of culture into a full-blown social institution. (Lever and Wheeler 1993:126). By the time television first appeared on the scene in the mid to late 1930s the patterns of mobile privatisations were already established. Television was part of a second generation of mass media that reinforced the structures of decentralised, private and suburban life. As Silversone argues, the space for television had been created by a social and cultural fabric already prepared. This social and cultural fabric was in turn an expression of the ever more central role of rationalised mass consumption in capitalist societies. Thus the social, cultural and economic premises of the rise of television were interrelated with those of the rise of modern football. These standardized practices of mass consumption reflected in the rise of television and radio were epitomised in the economic regime of Fordism. Regular Fordist work and leisure patterns led to the manifestation of the weekend as place of consumption for the Victorian wage-earner, combining both social identity and privacy (Cross 1997:120). The establishment of half-Saturdays had been a cruicial premise for the rise of professional football in Englang. Now, the extended leisure time of the Fordist weekend became the focal point of the consumption of mediated sports. This is underlined by the rise os Saturday afternoon sports magazines on American and British television (Goldlust 1987;Whannel 1991). Fordism, suburbanization and mass consumption thus constituted a triangle whereby both television and football were soon firmly integrated into the every day life of millions of viever. Television incorporated the stable and cyclical sports calendar into its schedules and thus reproduced and reinforced the temporal organisation of Fordist leisure practices. In the modern football, for example, Premiership clubs are being bought at a time when the income of each of the leagues 20 teams is set to soar following a recent record-busting overseas television rights deal. Booming demand from Asia and the Middle East has allowed the league to tie up contracts worth  £625 million for broadcasting rights for the next three seasons, boosting overall media income to  £2.725 billion; 60 percent above previous levels. (Delloite: football industry report). Several Leagues (such as the French, German and English leagues) have recently renegociated broadcast contracts and have secured significant revenues for their clubs for a number of years. In Spain, Superclubs like Real Madrid and Barcelona have individually negociated broadcast contracts. The Premier League is the most popular and the most lucrative domestic football league. The sports goods industry is dominatd by Nike, Adidas and football kit wars regularly occur at the World Cup and in the leading national leagues. The major TV leagues are in Europe the big five and the lesser five or six. Football has become a significant content filler in the age of new TV technology satellite, cable digital, telephony and internet. As Rupert Murdoch referred to it a battering ram for opening a new markets (Cashmore 2003:64). Alongside this are the stars and star clubs who benefit from almost constant commercial and media exposure especcially, but not only, Beckham, Ronaldo, Real Madrid, and Manchester United. These players and clubs are representative of a new trend in the international financing of football. After the colapse of the football bubble economy in 2001, clubs have tried to explore new income sources by expanding their customer base worldwide. In particular, the economically vibrant East Asian regions has been a preferential destination for marketin g managers and promotion tours. As Shimizu points out that David Backhams two visits to Japan in summer of 2003 were mainly commercial promoting endoresments for TBS (beauty salons), Meiji Seika (confectionery), Castrol (oil) and Vodafone (mobile phones) in June and his new team Real Madrid in August. According to a report by the Sports Business Group at Deloitte, one reason most top clubs have continued to see revenue increases and post strong profits is that they have lucrative multi-year broadcasting and sponsorship deals that have not been affected by the recession. BSkyB and Setanta pay out roughly $1.8 billion a year for Premier League rights. Arsenal, Liverpool and Schalke 04 have multi-year deals with Emirates, Carlsberg and Gazprom that pay these clubs over $15 million a season. More than half of the 20 clubs with the highest revenue signed current uniform sponsors within the last two years. The deals are good through 2013, on average, protecting teams biggest source of sp onsorship revenue (along with stadium-naming rights). On the broadcast side, German, English and the top Spanish clubs all have deals in place through 2014, with French rights due for renegotiation in 2012 and Italy set to return to centrally sold rights in 2010. At the turn of the twentieth century, centralized, urban leisure started to compete with more decentralized forms of consumption aided by the rise of new technologies such as the telegraph and railways (Ingham and Beamish 1993). New communication technologies helped to establish the national dimension of sport by enabling sports results to be communicated instantly over long distances. Radio reporting was immediate and, crucually, national rather than local. When Preston North End won the FA Cup in 1938, many listeners in Britain could for the first time follow the event on their radio sets simultaneously. Thus mass communication crucially contributed to the social and territorial diffusion of football. Sports has become more commercialised in the past twenty-five years. Equally it is almost passe to say that contemporary football is big business. In 1994 Sepp Blatter claimed that football was bringing in US$163 billion annually, more than General Motors could make selling cars (cited in Smith 1997:144). Elsewhere the commercial development of football, and especially the economic aspect of the World Cup, has been assesed in great detail (Guilianotti 1999). When Bourdieu argued that television has acted as the Trojan horse for the introduction of the commercial logic into football he was only partly accurate since commercial interests have always been present in sport. The development and growth of the global media was one of the main reasons of commercialisation of football as well as people who have money and time to spend and invest for a long time perioud. Television sport throughout the world is dominated by football. There is football and then the rest sports. FIFAs empire has grown accordingly. Several Leagues (such as the French, German and English leagues) have recently renegociated broadcast contracts and have secured significant revenues for their clubs for a number of years. In Spain, Superclubs like Real Madrid and Barcelona have individually negociated broadcast contracts. The Premier League is the most popular and the most lucrative domestic football league. The most significant process which helped to increase global commercialisation of football, is development of a global media profile. Because just after big TV deals football became a billion game just because of media football players can earn millions pounds. For example, in Britain, since 1992 rights fees have increased enormously from 191.5 millions pounds to 1 billion 700 millions pounds, and every year the amount of money coming from the TV rights is growing up. As Delloite financial specialists argued that the outcome of the Premier League broadcast rights negociations and the values achieved is likely to be a key driver in determining the ranking of English clubs in the Money League in future seasons. Money led to foreighn players The globalisation of football has been marked by a considerable increase in the recruitment of foreign players throughout various leagues. But not only a players are moving around the world, in June, Manchester City became the eighth current Premiership club to be taken over by foreign investors. Aston Villa, Chelsea, Fulham, Liverpool, Manchester United, Portsmouth and West Ham United are also owned by foreign businessmen. As Giovani Trapattoni argued: Really, there has been a globalisation of football, and my view is that it has been good for the game. If you look at football in Europe especially, the standard is now very high. A lot of money has come into the game in these leagues and it has been used to combine all these different cultures in some exceptional teams. According to figures released by the Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF), no fewer than 857 players left the countrys sunny shores for foreign leagues in 2004. Though just short of the previous years record, the nu mber is further proof that Brazils dream academy is alive and well. Answer on tthe question why foreighn players migrate around the world, is simply money. But in some cases money ist a first factor when player make a decision where to move, a good example can be Russia, salaries in Russian Premier League are on the same level like in Big Five leagues in Europe. So when player make a choice where to move Spain or Russia for equivalent amount of money, his choice usually will be Spain. The major factor to make this decision is cultural engagement and geographical reasons. Conclusions: Diminishing contrasts and increasing varieties? The worlds richest clubs are prospering despite the global recession. The financial crisis has yet to derail the worlds most valuable football teams. Forbes Magazines calculations shows the top 25 teams are now worth, on average, $597 million, 8% more than the previous year. The outcome of the Premier League broadcast rights negociations and the values achieved is likely to be a key driver in determining the ranking of English clubs in the Money League in future seasons. These clubs posted operating income (in the sense of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) of $42 million during the 2007-2008 season, 20% more than the top 25 clubs earned the previous year. There are now five clubs (Manchester United, Real Madrid, Arsenal, Bayern Munich and Liverpool) worth at least $1 billion. Only the National Football League (American Football) has more billion-dollar teams (19). With its capitalistic bent, European soccer rewards the best-performing clubs with higher broadcasting revenue, the magazine said in a report Thursday. Leading the charge is the worlds most valuable sports franchise: English Premier League champions Manchester United, worth $1.87 billion. Indeed, Forbes reports Manchester United posted $160 million in operating income, with its stadium, Old Trafford, pulling in more than $200 million in ticket and concession revenue last season. Spains Real Madrid ranked as the second most valuable at $1.35 billion, followed by another English club, Arsenal at $1.2 billion, Germanys Bayern Munich at $1.11 billion, and Englands Liverpool at $1 billion, according to Forbes. By comparison, the most valuable Major League Baseball team is the New York Yankees, worth an estimated $1.3 billion as of last April, while the most valuable National Football League team is the Dallas Cowboys, valued at $1.6 billion last September, according to Forbes. Burnished by that relative stability and by the sports growing popularity throughout China and Southeast Asia, big-ticket investors have continued to pour money into Englands Premier league, the magazine points out, noting the sale last fall of Englands Manchester City to Sheikh Mansour Bin Zayed Al Nahyan for nearly $385 million. The value of European football is still there, said sports banker Robert J. Tilliss, founder of Inner Circle Sports. The demand from broadcasters and sponsors has continued to rise. References: Globalisation Armstrong, G., Giulianotti, R. (1997). Entering the Field: New Perspectives on World Football. Oxford: Berg. Armstrong, G., Giulianotti, R. (2001). Fear and Loathing in World Football. Oxford: Berg. Armstrong, G., Mitchell, J. (2008). Global and Local Football: Politics and Europeanisation on the Fringes of the EU. London: Routledge. Back, L., Crabbe, T., Solomon, J (2001). The Changing Face of Football: Racism, Identity and Multiculture in the English Game. Oxford: Berg. Cashmore, E. (2000). Making Sense of Sports. London: Routledge. Coakley, J. (2003). Sport in Society: Issues and Controversies. Boston: McGraw Hill. Coakley J., Dunning E. (2000). Handbook of Sports Studies. London: Sage. Conn, D. (1997). The Football Business. Edinburgh: Mainstream Publishing. Dobson, S., Goddard, J. (2006). The Economics of Football. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Dunning, E. Maguire, J., Pearton, R. (1993). The Sports Process. Champaign: Human Kinetics. Dunning, E., Murphy, P., Williams, J. (1988). The Roots of Football Hooliganism. London: Routledge. Dunning, E., Rojek, C. (1993). Sport and Leisure in the Civilising Process. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. Finn, G., Giulianotti, R. (2000). Football Culture: Local Contests, Global Visits. London: Cass. Giulianotti, R. (1999). Football: A Sociology of the Global Game. Cambridge: Polity. Giulianotti, R., Williams, J. (1994). Games without Frontiers: Football, Identity and Modernity. Aldershot: Arena. Guillianotti, R., Robertson, R. (2009). Globalization Football. London: Sage. Hargreaves, J. (1994). Sporting Females. London: Routledge. Holt, R. (1993). Sport and the British. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Horne, J., Tomlinson, A., Whannel, G. (1999). Understanding Sport. London: Spon. Houlihan, B. (2003). Sport Society: A Student Introduction. London: Sage. Lanfranchi, P., Taylor, M. (2001). Moving with the Ball. Oxford: Berg. Maguire, J. Jarvie, G. Mansfield, L., Bradley, J. (2002). Sport Worlds. Leeds: Human Kinetics. Maguire, J. (1999). Global Sport. Cambridge: Polity Press. Miller, T., Lawrence., McKay., Rowe. (2001). Globalization and Sport. London: Sage. Murphy, P., Williams, J., Dunning, E. (1990). Football on Trial: Spectator Violence and the Development of World Football. London: Routledge. Murray, B. (1996). The Worlds Game: A History of Soccer. Illinois: University of Illinois Press. Polley, M. (1998). Moving the Goalposts: A History of Sport and Society Since 1945. London: Routledge. Russell, D. (1997). Football and the English. Leeds: Carnegie Press. Sandvoss, C. (2008). A Game of Two Halves: Football, Television and Globalization. London: Routledge. Walvin, J. (1994). The Peoples Game: A History of Football Revisited. Edinburgh: Mainstream Publishing.

Why advertising is an ethical problem Essay -- essays research papers

Why is advertising an ethical problem? †¢ If it is, it is because it is often intrusive, deceptive, or manipulative -- or, at least, this is what people say about it. †¢ Another problem is the money and resources devoted to advertising; billions are spent each year (around $500 billion in fact) that, perhaps, could go to education, health care, research, reforestation, or other worthy causes. We'll come back to this, but first we look at the problem of deception. †¢ Could argue that it distorts our whole economy; it is not merely that we are bombarded by it all the time, but may even impede certain important functions such as free debate. What gets published in newspapers and journals often becomes a function of what advertisers are willing to support. Advertising also has an indirect but powerful impact on society through its influence on media. Many publications and broadcasting operations depend on advertising revenue for survival. This often is true of religious media as well as commercial media. For their part, advertisers naturally seek to reach audiences; and the media, striving to deliver audiences to advertisers, must shape their content so to attract audiences of the size and demographic composition sought. This economic dependency of media and the power it confers upon advertisers carries with it serious responsibilities for both. PROS†¦. a) Economic Benefits of Advertising 5. Advertising can play an important role in the process by which an economic system guided by moral norms and responsive to the common good contributes to human development. Advertising does this, among other ways, by informing people about the availability of rationally desirable new products and services and improvements in existing ones, helping them to make informed, prudent consumer decisions, contributing to efficiency and the lowering of prices, and stimulating economic progress through the expansion of business and trade. b) Benefits of Political Advertising Political advertising can make a contribution to democracy analogous to its contribution to economic well being in a market system guided by moral norms. So political advertising can make its contribution by informing people about the ideas and policy proposals of parties and candidates, including new candidates not previously kn... ...lve the use of subliminal messages Apply normative principles Business people could be introduced to different systems of ethical analysis., for example, refers to four normative first principles that he believes should be taught: i. The Utilitarian Principle: Act in a way that results in the greatest good for the greatest number. ii. Kant's Categorical Imperative: Act in such a way that the action taken under the circumstances could be a universal law or rule of behavior. iii. Personal Justice: Act so the least advantaged members of society will be benefited to some extent. iv. Personal Liberty: Act so the ability of other members of society to lead lives of self-fulfillment and self-development will be maximized Good ethics is Good business While this appears an admirable sentiment which would ensure ethical conduct, some writers take a far more cynical view, and argue that some corporations may be more concerned with public relations than action; "they want to appear good, not be good". On the other hand, this option does seem the most likely to lead to ethical behavior, even if the hypothesized links between profitability and ethical behavior are suspect.

Donald Trump Essay

Trump's early years are a major part of what has made him successful in the past and in the present Donald John Trump was born on June 14, 1946 in the city of Queens, New York into the family of Frederick C. And Mary McLeod Drum p. His father, Frederick C. Trump was a realest developer and builder. He owned multiple middle income apartment buildings in Queens. Dona's mom was a plinth rapist, working with different charities. Donald Trump was an energetic and assertive e child and according to the site Biography. Com â€Å"His parents sent him to the New York MilitaryAcademy, hoping the discipline would help channel his energy in a positive m inner. † Trump was very successful in the academy, in both social and academic aspect TTS. In Biography. Com it continues to states that â€Å"Trump did well academically and socially, rising to be star athlete and student leader by the time he graduated in 1964 Trump's efforts and work in the business world have made him the extremely we althy man he is today. He is currently worth currently is 4$ Billion, and owns multiple realest properties.He also owns many hotels, restaurants, c salons, ND even various golf courses in the United states as well as internationally. T rump also hosts the reality Television show ‘The Celebrity Apprentice†. These properties, realest investments and his successful TV show would not have been poss. able if it were not for his hard work during his younger years in business. His massive f retune and wealth were acquired through hard work, connections, as well as his exec Lent knowledge Of the business world. Trump began his career working in the fame business, the Trump organization, which built and operated apartment build nags.Trump later moved to Manhattan, where he began expanding his business career be cause he became convinced of the economic opportunity there. Trump involved himself fin various building projects and opportunities in the city that would earn him high pr ofit s and recognition. Trump's personality and attitude are some of the defining factors that make him a very notable businessman, entrepreneur, and celebrity today. Trump's charisma and charm have helped him in his career as well. His charisma and personality as well as knowledge and communication skills are key to his such as.Donald Trump's interpersonal abilities are key to making connections in the b equines world and to achieve personal success. His ability to combine business knoll edge and Mr. Frangible great communication skills would seem to be one of the main factors that were e beneficial in becoming the successful businessman that he is. Trump's wealth, knowledge, and personality are a part of his major success. His wealth and success will leave behind a legacy and is an example of the economic opportunity in the United States.He would continually â€Å"set high tankards of excellence while expanding his interests in real estate, sports an d entertainment† Biogra phy-asp). Donald J. Trump has been a success in his personal life as well as in his professional and busing sees life. His entrepreneurial skills and his savvy knowledge and assertive skills put him In a successful pathway leaving a legacy and example of the economic opportunity y in the United States.

About Architect Steven Holl, Time, Space, and Light

About Architect Steven Holl, Time, Space, and Light I was in the Washington, DC convention center when Steven Holl accepted the 2012 AIA Gold Medal, the highest honor bestowed by the American Institute of Architects. I listened to Holls watercolor-like speech over the loudspeakers, as I rushed through the hallways, running late.   Architecture is an art bridging the humanities and the sciences, Holl said. We work bone-deep in Art- drawing lines between sculpture, poetry, music and science that coalesce in Architecture. That, I thought, is architecture. Steven Myron Holl is known for his strong viewpoints and his beautiful watercolors. He is constantly painting, both in words and with brushes. He also is known as the thinking mans architect, an intellectual philosopher who connects disciplines. Background: Born: December 9, 1947, Bremerton, Washington Education: 1971, BA, University of WashingtonPostgraduate study in Rome, Italy and the Architectural Association School of Architecture, London, UK Professional Experience: 1976-present: Steven Holl Architects, stevenholl.com/; Twitter at stevenhollarch1981-present: Tenured Professor of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation, Columbia University, NYCChris McVoy, Senior Partner at Steven Holl Architects, co-designs with Holl in addition to his pracitce with Beth ONeill, ONeill McVoy Architects Design Philosophy: Rather than imposing a style upon different sites and climates, or pursued irrespective of program, the unique character of a program and a site becomes the starting point for an architectural idea. While anchoring each work in its specific site and circumstance, Steven Holl Architects endeavors to obtain a deeper beginning in the experience of time, space, light and materials. The phenomena of the space of a room, the sunlight entering through a window, and the color and reflection of materials on a wall and floor all have integral relationships. The materials of architecture communicate through resonance and dissonance, just as instruments in musical composition, producing thought and sense-provoking qualities in the experience of a place. - About Steven Holl Architects, website at www.stevenholl.com/studio.php?typeabout, accessed September 22, 2014 Selected Architecture Projects 1991: Void Space/Hinged Space Housing, Fukuoka, Japan1996: Makuhari Bay New Town, Chiba, Japan1997: Chapel of St. Ignatius, Seattle University, Washington1998: Kiasma Museum of Contemporary Art, Helsinki, Finland2002: Memorial Square by Meier, Eisenman, Gwathmey/Siegel, Holl , unrealized proposed design to redevelop Ground Zero, Lower Manhattan2002: Simmons Hall, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts2007: Lewis Center for the Arts, Princeton University, New Jersey2007: The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art Bloch Building Addition, Kansas City, Missouri2009: Linked Hybrid, Beijing, China2009: Vanke Center Horizontal Skyscraper, Shenzhen, China2009: Knut Hamsun Center, Hamarà ¸y, Norway2012: Expansion Project, John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, Washington, DC2012: Danish Natural History Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark2013: Campbell Sports Center, Columbia University, New York2014: Reid Building, The Glasgow School of Art, Glasgow, Scotland2014: Beirut Mar ina at Zaitunay Bay, Beirut, Lebanon 2016: Visual Arts Building, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa2016: Institute for Contemporary Art, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia2017: Expansion of the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, Washington, DC Furniture: A2-Chair, 2013A-Chair, 1980, 2005Riddled Table, lasercut, 2006, 2007 Awards: 2014: Praemium Imperiale International Arts Award, Japan Art Association2012: Gold Medal, American Institute of Architects (AIA)2010: Jencks Award, Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA)2009: BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award1998: Alvar Aalto Medal, Finland1998: La Grande Medaille dOr, Academy of Architecture, France1990: Arnold W. Brunner Memorial Prize, American Academy of Arts and Letters In the Words of Steve Holl: From the Five Minute Manifesto, 2012 The essential power of Architecture is PARALLAX: the horizontal and vertical movement through forms and light over time, as we- our bodies- pass by, walk up, go inside, walk through inspired space. The joy and ambiguity of SCALELESSNESS excites the imagination through Mysteries of Proportion like Fibonaccis - 0, 1, 1, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21 †¦ - which wakes us to Geometrical Feeling. Forget mono-functional buildings! Make Hybrid Buildings: Living Working Recreation Culture Make a New Fusion of landscape, architecture, and URBANISM, a fusion of luminosity and porosity into Cities of Matter with spirit. Make New Cities- our greatest artwork- with the same urgency as we restore the natural landscape and biodiversity. Selected Writings and Paintings by Steven Holl: Anchoring, Princeton Architectural Press, 1989Edge of a City, Pamphlet Architecture 13, Princeton Architectural Press, 1991Parallax, Princeton Architectural Press, 2000Written in Water, Lars Muller Publishers, 2002House: Black Swan Theory, Princeton Architectural Press, 2007Steven Holl: Architecture Spoken, Rizzoli, 2007Urbanisms: Working with Doubt, Princeton Architectural Press, 2009New Haiti Villages, Pamphlet Architecture 31, Princeton Architectural Press, 2010Scale, Lars Muller Publisher, 2012Horizontal Skyscraper, William Stout Publishers, 2011 Who is Steve Holl? Holl is viewed as assertive by people who are trying to be complimentary, and as a bull in a china shop by people who aren’t, comments architecture critic Paul Goldberger in The New Yorker magazine. Arguably, Holls Vanke Center in China is the architecture that fulfills his philosophical vision. Imagine the Empire State Building on its side, with giant piers cradling the structure several stories above a ground prone to natural disasters. The multi-use horizontal skyscraper incorporates sustainable design and urban planning. Mr. Holl has designed a building that pushes its users to stop and think about the world around them, says Nicolai Ouroussoff in The New York Times. It is an architecture that opens doors to new possibilities. The answers he supplies in all of his designs draw from architecture, of course, but also from engineering, science, art, philosophy, and literature, writes Zach Mortice, Managing Editor of AIArchitect. Holl is the rare architect who can combine these gentlemanly pursuits (he often develops designs by painting them in water colors, for example) and use them as source material and method for buildings that aggressively push the edge of what’s possible. Sources: Lenses on the Lawn by Paul Goldberger, The New Yorker, April 30, 2007; Five Minute Manifesto, Steven Holl, Washington, D.C., AIA Gold Medal Ceremony, May 18, 2012 [accessed October 31, 2014]; Steven Holl, 2014 Laureate in Architecture, The Japan Art Association at www.praemiumimperiale.org/en/component/k2/item/310-holl [accessed September 22, 2014]; Turning Design on Its Side by Nicolai Ouroussoff, The New York Times, June 27, 2011 [accessed November 1, 2014]

Idioms and Expressions With All

Idioms and Expressions With All The following English idioms and expressions use the word all. Each idiom or expression has a definition and three example sentences to help your  understanding of these common idiomatic expressions with all.   All-Nighter Definition: Do something (for instance a study session) that lasts all night We pulled an all-nighter to get ready for the exam.The graduation party was an all-nighter.Im afraid Im going to have to pull an all-nighter to get the report ready for tomorrow. All Over Something Definition: Very fond of something Hes all over the latest fashions.Peters all over antique furniture.Im all over that authors works. All Right Definition: Yes, okay, fine Thats all right by me!All right! I got an A on my term paper.I think hes all right with the changes we foresee.   All Shook Up Definition: extremely excited, worried, or disturbed about something Hes all shook up about his mothers illness.Wow! Im all shook up about Alice.I dont want you to get all shook up over the news. All That and Then Some Definition: even more than what has been mentioned He did all that and then some to get the new job.Yes, thats right. All that and then some!I think hell do all that and then some in order to get the company back on its feet.   All the Way (With Go) Definition: do something completely Hes going all the way for the scholarship.We went all the way to California on our vacation.I think you can go all the way to finals in this competition. Dash It All Definition: Expression used when very upset Dash it all! I didnt do very well.Dash it all! She cant come this weekend.Im afraid the position didnt work out. Dash it all! For All I Know Definition: Based on what I know (usually expressing displeasure) For all I know, hell come and win the prize.Theyve decided to hire Jack for all I know.For all he knows, she wants to get married.   Free for All Definition: Crazy, non-restricted activity (generally a fight) It was a free for all! Everyone went crazy!They stepped in to break up the free for all.Black Friday is generally a free for all that I try to avoid.   Have It All together Definition: Be very poised, successful He has it all together. The house, the wife, the kids, the great job - everything!I was very impressed with the candidate. She seemed to have it all together.I hope the new recruit has it all together. We need a team player.   Hold All the Aces Definition: Have all the advantages Unfortunately, Tom holds all the aces right now. Youll have to do what he says.Im holding all the aces so I can do whatever I want.Im afraid this is a situation in which you dont hold all the aces. Know All the Angles Definition: Be very clever about something Jack knows all the angles. Be careful!The salesman knew all the angles, and by the end of our talk I had bought a new computer!If you need some help with math talk to Peter. He knows all the angles.   Know It All Definition: Someone who seems to know everything and lets everybody know that he / she knows everything, used in a negative sense I know you think you are a know it all, but you dont know everything.  I hate Tom. Hes such a know it all in class.Dont think you know it all.   Not All There Definition: Not intelligent, not completely focused on an activity Im afraid Peter is not all there. He needs some help badly.Unfortunately, I was not all there and lost the final match.Be quiet. The boss is not all there today. Give him plenty of room. Of All the Nerve Definition: expression of anger at someones behavior Of all the nerve! Did you see how that woman treated me?Of all the nerve! She took my seat!You didnt buy him a present?! Of all the nerve! That guy has always treated you well.   Once and for All Definition: Finally (usually putting an end to something) Im going to stop his behavior once and for all!Lets get this over once and for all.Id like to review the grammar one more time. Hopefully, this will make it clear once and for all.   Pull out All the Stops Definition: make every possible effort to do something He pulled out all the stops on the exam.Were going to pull out all the stops on our presentation.Id like to throw a huge party that pulls out all the stops.   You Cant Win Them All Definition: Expression of acceptance after a loss or disappointment Well, you cant win them all. Lets go home.You did your best. You cant win them allI tried to get the job, but I didnt. You cant win them all.

Is It Possible to Have a Prejudice Free Society Essay

Is It Possible to Have a Prejudice Free Society - Essay Example It is human behaviour to simply distrust or dislike someone and such simple latent feelings often convert into sharp hatred, making people form strong assumptions and theories about why they are prejudiced against others. Such hatred often even causes people to cause others injury and thus is only a matter of attitude within a person’s conscience. The fact of the matter remains - whether or not the society we live in can be free of prejudice at some point. When children are born, their minds are free of all kinds of thought; they usually soak in all the positivity from the environment around them as they are sheltered under the wings of their family members. However, with time, as they begin interacting with different parts of the society, they are taught ‘right’ and ‘wrong’ according to their family members. This causes a change in their attitudes and thus makes them take certain choices which may portray the growing level of prejudice that they feel for other people. Many people have been raised in a way so as to hate other groups of people; for example the shudra caste in olden India was said to be a group of untouchable people whom no one would interact with or even touch for fear of being heralded with sins. However, as the freedom movement gained momentum, leaders like B.R Ambedkar began educating society about how these people were also children of God and deserved a free right to life among other people. They could not be shunned without any reason, without having committed a serious crime or being a grave danger to the other people. In Europe and America, most white skinned people were prejudiced against people belonging to different races; black or brown skinned people were frowned down upon and given the status of slaves. They were supposed to serve their white masters and were stripped off various rights including using the same transport, eating at the same places as well as visiting the same places of worship. Case s of Rosa Parks, Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King have helped to define the border line for letting people give in to apartheid and accept such discrimination and prejudice caused against people belonging to different races. Today, there are a number of reforms and laws laid down that have helped to abolish such practices all over the world. With time, more and more people have been educated about living together with differences and learning to accept another person’s thoughts, opinions and perspectives on living life. The world we live in has helped us expose each other to a plethora of new cultures and this gives people the hope that it is possible to live in a world free of prejudice at some point. This is because with time, gradually people are coming to an understanding and learning that every person is after all trying to live his own life and make a living for himself and his family. Every man is trying his best to provide for food, shelter and clothing. The basi c necessities of life are what is important for people to survive, not prejudice. Today, many people around the world have a problem with those practicing the religion of Islam because they feel that after the 9/11 attacks, all Muslims have a single goal of terrorism; however, with time, more and more people are coming to the realization that even Islam is a beautiful faith to follow and that the people following it are not doing

The importance of thinking adoption first when choosing a pet Research Paper

The importance of thinking adoption first when choosing a pet - Research Paper Example Rather than selecting a pet from an animal breeding farm, adopting an abandoned animal from a shelter, is increasingly gaining importance. Thesis Statement: The purpose of this paper is to investigate why adoption should be considered first when choosing a pet. Further, the use of pets in shelters as resources for adoption by healthcare institutions and other facilities will be examined. The Lucrative Breeding of Animals for the Pet-Supply Industry It was estimated in 2004 that the American pet-supply industry sales produced profits of over $23 billion every year, and that it would to continue rising. The increase in companion animals is considered by professionals in the industry as a positive sign people are appreciating the value of pets. However, a contrasting picture is revealed by the number of these ‘valued’ pets entering shelters and being euthanized. â€Å"Because the pet-supply industry is so lucrative, businesses put significant effort into marketing their pr oducts to the pet consumer† (Fournier & Geller 61). Media advertising also plays a major role in pet-supply sales, thereby contributing to overpopulation of pet animals. â€Å"Puppy mills† is the descriptive, derogatory term used for dog breeding farms that produce and supply puppies to pet stores. Strategies to terminate such enterprises include â€Å"educational programs to encourage adoption of pets from animal shelters† (Guither 108), promoting legislation to regulate and license dog breeding enterprises, and requiring pet stores to give the source of the animals they offer for sale. Some animal rights groups claim that policies have not been enforced against commercial dog breeding, and inspectors have not examined the animals in commercial breeding facilities. People wanting to buy a pet are advised by animal rights groups to buy from small family enterprises where puppies are well cared for and free from disease. Most animal welfare organizations â€Å"pr omote spaying and neutering to reduce the number of unwanted animals being born† (Guither 108). These campaigns have resulted in reducing the euthanization of homeless dogs and cats at the shelters. The Abandonment of Pets at Animal Shelters In the United States, every year millions of dogs and other companion animals are abandoned by their owners at animal shelters. Organizations such as the Humane Society operate thousands of shelters across the country, and do their best to provide temporary housing and other services to abandoned animals. Crucially, they attempt to find the animals permanent homes. Unfortunately, however, the numbers of abandoned animals are far greater than the number of people and families wanting to adopt them. Consequently, millions of animals are put to death every year to make room for new pets brought to the shelters. â€Å"One of the reasons most often cited by people who leave their former pets, usually dogs, at animal shelters is that the animal s engage in problem behaviors† (McDonald, Caso & Fugit 311) that their owners find difficult to deal with. Most of the members of animal rights groups do not approve of pet owning, considering it to be unethical, and a form of â€Å"fascism† or dictatorship, based on Americans’ treatment of their pets as materialistic commodities. To maintain ethical values in pet ownership, Guither (p.107) states that stewardship and not ownership should be the norm for companion animal care. The services offered by shelters, spaying and neute

Shell Gas Station (Timewise) Compliance Interview and Report Research Paper - 1

Shell Gas Station (Timewise) Compliance Interview and Report Assignment - Research Paper Example That is why I choose this company. There are two main types of laws and regulations that govern Timewise Food Stores in its day to day operations. These are the governmental regulation and company policy. Shell gas station is one of the very vast liability stores that are located in Texas. There is a variety of legal compliance whose adherence is required of the company. There is a legal requirement, professional standards and policies that the company has established for all its outlets in the Texas. The legal requirement includes federal and local county laws that regulate the stores in their daily activities. The most important for Shell store manager is to be aware of any matter related to Tobacco or Alcohol. Federal law requires Shell to sell tobacco to customers over the age of 18 years old and alcohol to over the age of 21 years old. However, each state is free to create its own laws, agencies, and punishments. According to Texas regulation, there is no restriction concerning selling hours or places of sale of Tobacco. However, the violation of term in buying or selling Tobacco to minor is subject to same penalties as alcohol penalties. The laws on alcohol establishments occur under the control of the Texas Alcoholic Beverage Commission. According to Texas law under Sec. 106.025, first and second offense of minor licensee is considered a class-C misdemeanor which means it only carries a 30-60 days maximum suspension of license and a fine of up to $500.00 along with 8 to 40 hours of community service. However, if the licensee is over 18 years of age, then it usually increased to a class-B misdemeanor, which is 6 months to a full year in jail and a $250 to $2000 fine. An offense under this section is punishable as provided by Sec. 106.071. According to Texas law under Sec. 106.03 a clerk who actually sold